摘要： 采用二倍体胚和三倍体胚乳的种子遗传模型及其分析方法,通过2年的试验,研究了玉米籽粒油脂性状之间的胚、胚乳、细胞质、母体效应的相关性及其环境互作的相关性。结果证实,玉米籽粒油分与棕榈酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸极显著负相关,与硬脂酸、油酸极显著正相关。进一步研究表明,油分与棕榈酸的胚加性(r_Ao=-1.000^**)、细胞质(r_C=-0.772^**)达极显著负相关,油分与硬脂酸的胚加性(r_Ao =0.793^**)和细胞质(r_C=0.887^{**)、油分与亚油酸(r_AoE= 1.000 **)、油分与α-亚麻酸(r_AoE=1.000**)的胚加性互作则呈极显著正相关。脂肪酸组分中,棕榈酸与油酸、硬脂酸与α-亚麻酸、油酸与亚油酸、油酸与α-亚麻酸极显著负相关。棕榈酸与亚油酸、α-亚麻酸,硬脂酸与油酸、亚油酸与α-亚麻酸极显著正相关。进一步分析显示,棕榈酸与硬脂酸的胚乳加性互作(r_AeE=1.000**)和母体加性互作(r_AmE= 1.000**)、亚油酸与α-亚麻酸的胚加性互作(r_AoE=1.000**)达极显著正相关,而硬脂酸与亚油酸的母体加性互作(r_AmE=-1.000 **)、硬脂酸与α-亚麻酸的细胞质(r_C=-0.613**)极显著负相关。油酸与亚油酸(rε=-0.402 **)、亚油酸与α-亚麻酸(rε=-0.412**)的相关程度受环境或机误的影响较大。}

关键词: 玉米籽粒, 油脂性状, 环境互作相关, 间接选择

Abstract: A seed genetic model with diploid embryo and triploid endosperm was used to analyze embryo,endosperm,cytoplasmic and maternal effects correlations and their G α E interaction correlations for fat traits on maize kernel, the results confirmed that significantly negative correlations existed between oil and palmitic acid, linoleic acid and α-inolenic acid,while significantly positive correlations showed between oil and stearic acid,oleic acid. Further research showed that significantly negative embryo additive correlations(r_Ao=-1.000^**)and cytoplasm correlations (r_C=-0.772^**)existed between oil and palmitic acid,while significantly positive embryo additive correlations (r_Ao =0.793^**),cytoplasm correlations (r_C=-0.772^**)existed between oil and stearic acid, and embryo additive interaction correlation between oil and linoleic acid ( rAoE=1.000^**),oil and α-inolenic acid. For fatty acid compositions, significantly negative correlations showed between palmitic acid and oleic acid stearic acid and α-inolenic acid,oleic acid and linoleic acid,cinolenic. While significantly positive correlations existed between palmitic acid and linoleic acid,α-inolenic acid the same between stearic acid and oleic acid linoleic acid and α-iolenic acid. Further analysis indicated that significantly positive endosperm additive interaction correlations (rAoE=1 .000^**),maternal additive interaction correlations (rAmE=1 .000^**)existed between palmitic acid and steuric acid,and embryo additive interaction correlation ( rAoE=1 .000^**)between linoleic acid and α-inolenic acid,while significantly negative maternal additive interaction correlation(rAmE=-1 .000^**)showed between stearic acid and linoleic acid,and significantly negative cytoplasmic correlation(rC=-0. 613^**)between stearic acid and α-linolenic acid. The correlativity of oleic acid and linoleic acid (rε=-0.402 ^**),linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid (rε=-0.412^**) were easily affected by environment or error.

Key words: Maize kernel, Fat traits, G×, E interaction correlations, Indirection selection

中图分类号: 

• S513.03