研究了重组几丁质酶对引起果蔬采后腐烂的病原真菌的抑制效果，为开发新型果蔬采后病害的生物防治途径提供参考。通过体外抑菌试验，测试根霉、灰霉、链格孢霉等果蔬采后腐烂主要病原真菌在重组几丁质酶作用下菌丝体和孢子的变化，结果表明，重组几丁质酶对根霉等果蔬常见致病真菌菌落扩展均表现出不同程度的抑制作用，对根霉、灰霉、拟茎点霉和毛霉的抑制效果很明显，对交链孢霉、粉红镰刀菌的抑制效果相对较低。重组几丁质酶能够显著抑制根霉新生菌丝的生长，改变其顶端的生长情况。重组几丁质酶可有效抑制灰霉和根霉的孢子萌发，当酶液浓度达到0.40%时，抑制率达91%以上。重组几丁质酶对果蔬采后病原真菌具有明显抑制效果，在果蔬采后病害的生物防治中具有应用开发前景。
Inhibitory effect of recombinant chitinase on the pathogen that caused postharvest decay of fruits and vegetables was studied to supply new method for the biological control of postharvest loss.The recombinant chitinase was used to investigate its antifungal activity against nine fungi in vitro.Results showed that the chitinase inhibited the growth of hypha in different degrees,the antifungal activity against Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.Et Fr.) Vuill ,Botrytis squamosa Walker ,Pythium aphanidermatum (Eds.) Fitzp,and Aspergillus niger van Tiegh was stronger than the Alternaria alternate and Fusarium roseum Link.Chitinase inhibited the hyphal extension and altered the growth pattern of hyphal tip.At the same time,the chitinase showed inhibitory effect on the spore germination of Rhizopus stolonifer, and this effect was more obvious with the increase of chitinase concentration.Inhibitory rate on the spore germination of Rhizopus stolonifer and Botrytis reached more than 91% when the concentration of chitinase was 0.40%.In conclusion,recombinant chitinase had significantly inhibitory effect on the growth of pathogen that caused postharvest decay of fruits and vegetables,and had the potential of development and application in the biological control of postharvest decay of fruits and vegetables.
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