以Y系山定子为中间砧嫁接的苹果树当年开始花芽形态分化，而未用中间砧的苹果树则未形成花芽。分析了中间砧Y系山定子与基砧海棠不同组织中花发育相关基因 MADS5、MADS2、MdFT2、MdAFL1、MdAFL2、MdTFL1 的表达特征。结果表明，MADS5 基因的表达模式及表达量是影响苹果花芽发育的一个重要因素；将山定子中的 MADS5 基因在拟南芥中过量表达，转基因拟南芥表现出早花表型，比对照早开花7～10 d；相同条件下转 MdFT2 基因的拟南芥比对照早开花4～7 d。认为在利用基因工程改良苹果早花发育的研究中，MADS5 基因更具有应用潜力。
樊新萍
,
乔永胜
,
杨廷帧
,
王骞
,
石美娟
,
蔡华成
,
高敬东
,
牛西午
. Y系山定子中花发育相关基因MADS5的克隆与功能分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2014
, 29(4)
: 25
-31
.
DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.04.005
The flower bud formation of apple trees grafted into Y series dwarf apple interstock was earlier than those not grafted into the Y series interstock.In this study,we analyzed the expression pattern of several flower development genes,including MADS5, MADS2, MdFT2, MdAFL1, MdAFL2, MdTFL1, in the different tissues of Y series dwarf apple interstock(Malus baccata)and rootstock(Malus asiatica).The results showed that MADS5 gene was a key regulator in control of apple bud formation due to its special expression pattern and higher expression level in bud and sepal tissues.Overexpression of Y series dwarf apple interstock MADS5 gene in Arabidopsis reduced the vegetative growth and generation time and led to an early blooming phenotype.Transgenic plants overexpression MADS5 gene blossomed earlier about 7-10 days compared with the wild type plants.Meanwhile,overexpression of MdFT2 gene in Arabidopsis also promoted flowering average 4-7 days earlier compared with the wild type plants.It is concluded that MADS5 gene is more useful than MdFT2 gene in the study of early blooming promoting and fruiting of apple plants through genetic engineering methods.
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