利用气孔性状差异明显的粳稻和籼稻品种构建的Sasanishiki/Habataki//Sasanishiki///Sasanishiki回交重组自交系群体为试验材料，根据已有遗传连锁图谱选定236个RFLP分子标记，对水稻齐穗剑叶气孔性状进行QTL分析。共检测到4个气孔性状相关的QTL，包括3个控制气孔密度的QTL(qSD2、qSD4 和 qSD12)，分布在第2、4和12号染色体上，贡献率分别为13.11%，11.76%，22.70%；1个控制气孔宽度的QTL(qSW3)，位于第3号染色体上，贡献率为10.04%。气孔密度和气孔宽度的增效等位基因分别来源于粳稻和籼稻。气孔密度与气孔长度存在极显著负相关(r=-0.509**)，气孔长度与气孔宽度呈极显著正相关(r=0.302**)。4个QTL位点除了 qSW3 与前人研究的控制全氮含量的 qTLN-3a 重叠外，其他QTL均为未被检测到的位点，反映了气孔性状遗传机理的复杂性。为揭示水稻气孔性状的遗传机理以及籼粳稻气孔性状差异的分子机制提供重要参考。
Using backcross recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between a tropical japonica, Sasanishiki and an indica variety, Habataki, quantitative trait loci(QTLs) controlling the stoma related traits of flag leaf by 236 RFLP molecular markers from genetic linkage map in rice were analyzed.A total of four QTLs for stoma related traits were identified.Three putative QTLs (qSD2, qSD4 and qSD12) for stomatal density were mapped on chromosome 2, 4 and 12 with the contribution of each QTL was 13.11%, 11.76% and 22.70%, respectively.On chromosome 3 of rice, one QTL(qSW3)for stomatal width was detected, with the explained variance of 10.04%.The alleles for stomatal density and stomatal width were contributed by Sasanishiki and Habataki, respectively.Significant negative differences were found between stomatal density and stomatal length(r=-0.509A), while significant positive correlations were observed between stomatal length and stomatal width(r=0.302A).All the three QTLs controlling stomatal density were not previously reported, but qSW3 controlling stomatal width was overlapped with qTLN-3a controlling total nitrogen content from other study.It reflected the genetic complexity of stomatal traits.These results will help to reveal the genetic mechanism of stomatal trait in rice and provide vital reference for the molecular mechanism of difference of stomatal traits between indica and japonica rice.
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