为定量分析水稻剑叶含氮量、籽粒蛋白质含量与食味值的相互关系,改善稻米的食味品质,以4份不同地理来源的优质粳稻品种为材料,测定抽穗后不同发育时期剑叶的含氮量,并于成熟期收获籽粒测定蛋白质含量及稻米食味值.结果表明,抽穗期和抽穗后7 d剑叶含氮量与食味值相关系数最大,分别为-0.35**和-0.1**.并通过多元逐步回归和聚类分析建立了根据剑叶含氮量预测稻米食味值的最优回归方程Y=74.879-2.450 X1-2.22 X_2,且发现当抽穗期和抽穗后7 d剑叶含氮量小于或等于3.7%时,稻米食味值较高.
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the nitrogen content of flag leaves,grain protein content and taste value in japonica rice,and to improve eating qualityof Japoniaca rice.Using 46 varietiesfrom different geographical sources for research materials,this study measured the nitrogen content of flag leaves after heading stage,and mesured protein content and taste value at kernal maturity stage.The result showd that correlation coefficient between nitrogen content of flag leaves heading stage and seven days after heading with taste value were maximal,ie 0.63533and 0.66133respectively.We constructed a optimum regression equation about rice eating quality by multiple stepwise regression and clustering analysis,ie Y = 74.879 2.450 X12.62X2,and the rice taste was excellent when the nitrogen content of flag leaves in heading stage and after seven days was equal to or blow 3.7 %.
[1] 苏泽胜.稻米味度计测定值与食味品质性状间的相关性分析[J].安徽农业科学,2000,28(2):134-136.
[2] 张小明,石春海,富田桂.粳稻米淀粉特性与食味间的相关性分析[J].中国水稻科学,2002,16(2):157-161.
[3] 沈鹏,金正勋,罗秋香,等.水稻灌浆过程中籽粒淀粉合成关键酶活性与蒸煮食味品质的关系[J].中国水稻科学,2006,20(1):58-64.
[4] 张巧凤.粳稻食味品质性状的相关性及QTL定位[D].南京:南京农业大学,2007:15-21.
[5] 山下镜一.肥料が米の食味と蒸し特性すすび理化性质に及ほお影响[J].东北农试研究报,1974,48:65-79.
[6] 稻津修.北海道米の食味特性[M].日土肥志,1985,56(5):446-448.
[7] 徐正进,陈温福,马殿荣,等.辽宁水稻食味值及其品质性状的关系[J].作物学报,2005,31(8):1092-1094.
[8] CharIes-Edwards D A,Stutzel H,Ferraris R,et al.An analysis of spatial variation in the nitrogen content of leaves from different horizons within a canopy[J].Annnals of Botany,1987,60:421-426.
[9] Hikosaka K,Terashima I,Katoh S.Effects of leaf age,nitrogen nutrition and photo flux density on the distribution of nitrogen among leaves of a vine (lpomoea tricolor Cav.) grown horizontally to avoid mutual shading of leaves[J].Oecologia,1994,97:451-457.
[10] Anten N P R,Schieving F,Werger M J A.Patterns of light and nitrogen distribution in relation to whole canopy carbon gain in C3 and C4 mono-and dicotyledonous species[J].Oecologia,1995,101:504-513.
[11] 杜金哲,李文雄,胡尚连,等.春小麦不同品质类型氮的吸收、转化利用及与籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的关系[J].作物学报,2001,27(2):253-260.
[12] Ladha J K,Kirk G J D,Bennett J,et al.Opportunities for increased nitrogen-use efficiency from improved lowland rice germp lasm[J].Field Crops Res,1998,56:41-71.
[13] 李仕贵,何平,王玉平,等.水稻剑叶性状的遗传分析和基因定位[J].作物学报,2000,26(3):261-265.
[14] Lang C A.Simple micro-determination of Kjeldahl nitrogen in biological materials[J].Analy Chem,1958,30:1692-1694.
[15] Horie T,Nakagawa H,Centeno H G,et al.The rice crop simulation model SIMRIW and its testing.In:Matthews R G,Kropff M J,Bachelet D,et al.Modeling the impact of climate change on rice production in Asia.Wallingford (UK):CAB International,and Manila (Philippines)[J].International Rice Research Institute,1995:51-66.
[16] 屈会娟,李金才,沈学善,等.种植密度和播期对冬小麦品种兰考矮早八干物质和氮素积累与转运的影响[J].作物学报,2009,35(1):124-131.
[17] 王增裕,王健,卢少源,等.不同类型小麦品种的氮素积累与籽粒灌浆研究.I 氮素积累的动态探究[J].河北农业大学学报,1990,13:1-4.
[18] 徐大勇,董明辉,胡曙,等.水稻品种氮素代谢特性与稻米主要品质性状关系的研究[J].西南农业学报,2005,18(5):522-528.
[19] 王忠,顾蕴洁,陈刚,等.稻米的品质和影响因素[J],分子植物育种,2003,1(2):231-241.
[20] 沈新平,沈晓燕,顾丽,等.两优培九稻米垩白在江苏省不同纬度点的播期效应[J].中国水稻科学,2007,21(6):677-680.
[21] 本庄一雄.米のタニバヮ含量に关する研究[M].日作纪,1973,42:54-62.
[22] Briones Jr A M,Satoshi Okabe,Yoshiaki Umemiya,et al.Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria on root biofilms and their possible contribution to N use efficiency of different rice cultivars[J].Plant and Soil,2003,250:335-348.
[23] Broadbent F E,De Datta S K,Laureles E V.Measurement of nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice genotypes[J].Agron J,1987,79:786-791.
[24] Ohnishi M,Horie T,Homma K,et al.Nitrogen management and cultivar effects on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency in Northeast Thailand[J].Field Crops Res,1999,64:109-120.
[25] Cox M C,Qualset C O,Rains D W.Genetic variation for nitrogen assimilation and translocation in wheat.III:Nitrogen translocation in relation to grain yield and protein[J].Crop Science,1986,26:737-740.
[26] Van Sanford D A,MacKown C T.Cultivar differences in nitrogen remobilization during grain fill in soft red winter wheat[J].Crop Sci,1987,27:295-300.
[27] Dhugga K S,Waines J G.Analysis of nitrogen accumulation and use in bread and durum wheat[J].Crop Sci,1989,29:1232-1239.
[28] 王月福,于振文,李尚霞,等.施氮量对小麦籽粒蛋白质组分含量及加工品质的影响[J].中国农业科学.2002,35(9):1071-1078.
[29] 侯有良,钟改荣,L.O′Brien.普通小麦营养器官氮素和果聚糖的运转[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(9):1066-1070.
