以郑单958和农大36两个玉米品种为研究材料,对大田条件下不同生育时期玉米苞叶的叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光动力学进行了比较分析.结果表明,不同生育时期玉米苞叶叶绿素含量呈先升后降的变化趋势,并在灌浆期达到最高值,且农大36苞叶的叶绿素降低速率要低于郑单958,这样有利于其保持更为持久的光合能力.不同生育时期玉米品种间苞叶叶绿素荧光参数(Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo等)的变化规律基本一致,郑单958高于农大36,说明郑单958苞叶反应中心活性较高,具有较高的电子传递速率,并且苞叶叶片开放的PSⅡ反应中心捕获激发能的效率高于后者.
Zhengdan 958 and Nongda 364 were adopted in this experiment,both contents of chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of husk leaves of maize(Zea mays L.) varieties at different growing stages were comparatively studied in the field condition.The results showed that chlorophyll content of husk leaves increased at first and then decreased,and reached the peak value values at milk-filling stage.The degradation rate of chlorophyll in husk leaves of Nongda 364 was lower than that of Zhengdan 958 at different growing stages,which was helpful in keeping photosynthetic activities.It was shown that the same diurnal change trend of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fm,Fv,Fv/ Fm,Fv/Fo,etc.) between the two varieties at different stages.Zhengdan 958 had higher chlorophyll fluorescence parameters than Nongda 364,indicating that Zhengdan958 was higher than Nongda 364 in active of PSⅡreaction center,rate of electron transport,efficiency of excitation energy captured by open PSⅡreaction centers.
[1] Genty B,Briantais J M,Baker N R.The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta,1989,990:87-92.
[2] Schreiber U,Bilger W,Neubauer C.Chlorophyll fluorescence as a non-destructive indicator for rapid assessment of in vivo photosynthesis[J].Ecological Studies,1994,100:49-70.
[3] Kuckenberg J,Tartachnyk I,Noga G.Detection and differentiation of nitrogen-deficiency,powdery mildew and leaf rust at wheat leaf and canopy level by laser-induced chlorophyll fluorescence[J].Biosystems Engineering,2009,103:121-128.
[4] 王晓楠,付连双,李卓夫,等.低温驯化及封冻阶段不同冬小麦品种叶绿素荧光参数的比较[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(1):83-88.
[5] 牟会荣,姜东,戴廷波,等.遮荫对小麦旗叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(2):599-606.
[6] Strauss A J,Krüger G H J,Strasser R J,et al.Ranking of dark chilling tolerance in soybean genotypes probed by the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient O-J-I-P[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2006,56:147-157.
[7] 王伟,李兴涛,綦左莹,等.低钾胁迫对不同效应型大豆光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].大豆科学,2008,27(3):452-456.
[8] Panda D,Sharma S G,Sarkar R K.Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,CO_2 photosynthetic rate and regeneration capacity as a result of complete submergence and subsequent re-emergence in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J].Aquatic Botany,2008,88:127-133.
[9] 沈波,蒋靓,於卫东,等.水稻苗期盐胁迫下叶绿素荧光参数的QTL分析[J].中国水稻科学,2009,23(3):319-322.
[10] 滕中华,智丽,宗学凤,等.高温胁迫对水稻灌浆结实期叶绿素荧光、抗活性氧活力和稻米品质的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(9):1662-1666.
[11] Lu C,Zhang J.Photosynthetic CO_2 assimilation,chlorophyll fluorescence and photoinhibition as affected by nitrogen deficiency in maize plants[J].Plant Science,2000,151:135-143.
[12] Maria D,Anna T,Tadeusz B.Age-dependent response of maize leaf segments to cadmium treatment:Effect on chlorophyll fluorescence and phytochelatin accumulation[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2003,160:247-254.
[13] 梁哲军,陶洪斌,赵海祯,等.苗期土壤水分亏缺后玉米光合生理的恢复[J].华北农学报,2009,24(2):117-121.
[14] 顾万荣,李召虎,翟志席,等.叔胺类活物质对玉米叶片光合特性与叶绿素荧光特性的调控效应[J].华北农学报,2008,23(3):85-89.
[15] 徐洪文,宋凤斌,童淑媛.两种不同基因型玉米苞叶叶绿素荧光特性差异分析[J].核农学报,2008,22(5):717-721.
[16] 张宪政.作物生理研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1992:129-150.
[17] 武立权,沈圣泉,王荣富,等.水稻黄叶突变体光合特性的日变化[J].核农学报,2007,21(5):425-429.
[18] Krause G H,Weis E.Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis:The Basics[M].Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,1991,42:313-349.
[19] 李友军,熊瑛,陈明灿,等.不同品质类型小麦叶绿素荧光特性及其与籽粒产量和淀粉积累的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2005,25(6):82-86.
[20] Fujita K,El-Shemy H A,Sakurai N,et al.Sugar metabolism in expanding husk leaf of flint corn (Zea mays L.)genotypes differing in husk leaf size[J].Plant Nutrition-Food Security and Sustainability of Agro-ecosystems,2001,92:278-279.
[21] 史应武,娄恺,李春.内生真菌对甜菜主要农艺性状及氮糖代谢关键酶活性的影响[J].作物学报,2009,35(5):946-951.
[22] 王宝增.低浓度NaCl对玉米幼苗光合作用的影响[J].云南植物研究,2009,31(2):163-165.
[23] 鞠正春,于振文.追施氮肥时期对冬小麦旗叶叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(3):395-398.
[24] 张绪成,上官周平.施氮对旱地不同抗旱性小麦叶片光合色素含量与荧光特性的影响[J].核农学报,2007,21(3):299-304.
[25] 李瑞海,黄启为,徐阳春,等.不同配方叶面肥对辣椒生长的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2009,32(2):76-81.
[26] 员学锋,吴普特,汪有科,等.保墒灌溉条件下夏玉米生理生态效应研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2009,28(2):66-69.
