干旱是限制小麦产量形成的重要非生物胁迫因子,研究小麦产量相关性状的抗旱遗传特性对小麦抗旱遗传改良具有重要意义。以小麦回交导入系(IL)群体((晋麦47×西峰20)×晋麦47)BC3F4的160个株系及其亲本为材料,研究不同水分环境条件下株高(PH)、穗下节长(PL)、单株穗数(SPP)、穗长(SL)、单株小穗数(TSP)、单株总粒数(GNP)、主穗小穗数(SMS)、主穗粒数(GMS)、千粒质量(TGW)和小区产量(GY)的遗传特点及相互关系,评价群体性状的遗传变异。结果表明:在不同水分环境条件下,小麦IL群体各目标性状表型偏向于轮回亲本晋麦47,变异广泛,多样性指数达0.74～0.97,且存在超亲分离,总体呈尖顶峰的负偏态分布。在4种水分环境条件下,小麦IL群体的PH、PL和TGW表现出较高的遗传力(h 2 B=0.48～0.81),其他性状遗传力较低(h 2 B=0.27～0.73)。性状之间普遍表现为不同程度的正相关,在干旱胁迫条件下,TGW和PH分别与小区产量有较高的相关性和关联度。该群体适合进行抗旱性状数量遗传研究。
Drought is one of the most important abiotic stress factors for wheat yield．Thus it will play a signifi- cant role in wheat drought tolerance genetic improvement to study the inherited characteristic of drought resistance for wheat yield related traits．A total of 160 introgression lines(ILs) derived from a backcross((Jinmai47×Xifeng 20)×Jinmai47)(BC3F4)and their two parents were used as the plant materials to study the quantitative genetic characteristics，correlations for the traits including plant height(PH)，peduncle length(PL)，spike per plant (SPP)，spike length(SL)，total spikeletper plant(TSP)，gain number per plant(GNP)，spikelet per main spike (SMS)，gain number per main spike(GMS)，thousand- grain weight(TGW)and the plot grain yield (GY) in dif- ferent water environments，and evaluate the characteristics and genetic variation in the ILs．In different water envi- ronments，the mean value of each trait tended to be closer to the recurrent parent Jinmai 47．The genetic diversity indices range from 0．74 to 0．97．Some traits presented substantial transgressive segregation in the ILs， and the val- ues showed a sharp peak negative skew distribution．The target traits，such as PH，PL and TGW showed higher heri- tability (h2B=0．48～0．81) than the other traits (h2B=0．27～0．73) under four different water environments．Thesignificant positive correlations were detected between traits．The TGW and PH respectively had a higher correlation coefficient and relational grade with grain yield under drought stress condition．The ILs is a suitable population for studying drought tolerance quantitative traits．
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