采用垂直平板不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术分别对蒙古马、三河马及纯血马的8种血液蛋向进行多态性检测.计算了各位点的基因型频率、基因频率、遗传杂合度,并通过聚类分析探讨了群体间的亲缘关系和遗传距离.结果表明:种血液蛋白(酶)位点在不同程度上呈现出多态.平均杂合度分别为:蒙古马0.378 2,三河马0.395 6和纯血马0.257 1.聚类分析表明,蒙古马与三河马间的亲缘关系最近,与纯血马的亲缘关系相对较远.通过分析不同马品种的遗传关系,为中国马遗传资源的保护与育种提供依据.
Eight types of blood proteins in serum samples fromMongolian horse,Sanhe horse and Thoroughbred horse were detected on polymorphism by vertical plate discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).Genotype frequencies,gene frequency and genetic heterozygosity of these sites were calculated,and the relationship and the genetic distance between the groups were discussed through cluster analysis.The results indicated that eight blood protein (enzyme) sites were of polymorphism.The result showed the average heterozygosity(H) of these eight blood protein (enzyme) sites in Mongolian horse,Sanhe horse and Thoroughbred horse were 0.3782,0.3956,0.2571,respectively.The cluster analysis suggested that the relationship between Mongolian horse and Sanhe horse was closer,however,the relationship between these two types of horses and Thoroughbred horse were relatively farther.
[1] Ashton G C.Serum protein variations in horses[J].Nature,1958,182:1029-1030.
[2] Kaminski M,Gajos E.Comparative examination of carboxylic esterases in sera of horse,donkey and their hybrids[J].Nature,1964,201:716-718.
[3] 王振山.采用血液遗传标记对马亲仔关系案例的检测与分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2001(11):4-6.
[4] 张才骏,王勇.玉树马血清酯酶的多态性[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志,2001(1):1-2.
[5] Sandberg K.Guidelines for the interpretation of blood typing tests in horses[M].Brisbane,1989,1-8.
[6] 谢成侠.中国养马史[M].北京:农业出版社,1991:193-194.
[7] 王振山,郭永新,李建成.三河马血液遗传标记的研究[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,2001(2):1-3.
[8] 赵天佐.纯血马是世界名贵马种[C] //现代马业选集.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007:269-272.
[9] Diaz S,Dulout F N,Peral-Gareia P.Greater genetic variability in argentine creole than in thoroughbred horses based on serum protein polymorphisms[J].Genetics and Molecular Research,2002,1 (3):261-265.
[10] 李金莲,石有斐,布仁其其格,等.三大不同品种马mtDNA Cyt 6基因PCR-RFLP分析[J].遗传,2006,28(8):933-938.
[11] 孟青龙.马MHC-Ⅱ类分子遗传多样性的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2005.
[12] 李金莲.中国蒙古马遗传多样性和分子系统进化研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2006.
