在大田试验条件下, 研究了不同种植密度对两种穗型冬小麦品种干物质和氮素积累、运转及其籽粒产量的影响。结果表明, 两种穗型冬小麦品种花前植株干物质及贮藏氮素运转量均以适宜的低密度处理表现较高, 其中干物质运转量以茎鞘最高, 氮素运转量以叶片最高; 花后植株干物质及贮藏氮素运转量两品种间表现不一致, 大穗型品种兰考矮早八花后干物质及贮藏氮素运转量以最低密度的C1(300万株/hm2)处理最高, 多穗型品种豫麦49-198则以较高密度的B3(225万株/hm2)处理最高; 干物质对籽粒贡献率花前两品种均以较低密度处理表现较高, 花后则以较高密度处理表现较高; 贮藏氮素对籽粒氮素贡献率兰考矮早八花前以中间密度处理表现较高, 豫麦49-198则仍以较低密度处理较高。成熟期兰考矮早八籽粒产量、淀粉产量及蛋白质产量均以C2(375万株/hm2)密度处理最高, 豫麦49-198则以B2(150万株/hm2)处理最高。
郭天财
,
查菲娜
,
马冬云
,
宋晓
,
岳艳军
. 种植密度对两种穗型冬小麦品种干物质和氮素积累、运转及产量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2007
, 22(6)
: 152
-156
.
DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2007.06.031
Two winter wheat cultivats, Yumai49-198(a multag spike type) and Lankaoaizao8(a large- spike type) were used to investigate the effect of planting densities on the accumulation and tranlation of dry matter and nitrogen and the grain yield. The results indicated that the remobilization rate of pre-anthesis assimilates and nitrogen was higher in lower dennity treatment. The highest remobilization rate of assimilates before anthesis was from stem and sheathes, while the highest remobilization rate of nitrogen was from leaves. After anthesis, the C 1 treatment had the highest transferring amount of assimilates and nitrogen to grain for large-spike type, and the B3 treatment for multagspike type.The contribution of assimilates to grain weight was higher in lower density before anthesis, but it was higher in higher density after thesis. The contribution of reserved nitrogen to grain protein was higher in middle density treatments for Lankaoaizco 8 and in lower density treatments for Yumai 49-198. The highest value of grain yield, starch and protein was observed on C2 treatment for Lankaoaizao 8 and B2 for Yumai 49-198.
[1] 周琴, 姜东, 戴廷波, 等. 不同基因型小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉积累与碳氮转运的关系[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2002, 25(3): 1-4.
[2] 王振林, 贺明荣, 傅金民, 等. 源库调节对灌溉与旱地小麦开花后光合产物生产和分配的影响[J]. 作物学报, 1999, 25(2): 162-168.
[3] 沈建辉, 戴廷波, 荆奇, 等. 施氮时期对专用小麦干物质和氮素积累、运转及产量和蛋白质含量的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2004, 24(1): 55-58.
[4] 王书丽, 郭天财, 王晨阳, 等. 两种筋力型小麦叶、粒可溶性糖含量及与籽粒淀粉积累的关系[J]. 河南农业科学, 2005,(4)12-15.
[5] 王旭东, 于振文, 王东. 钾对小麦茎和叶鞘碳水化合物含量及子粒淀粉积累的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(1): 57-62.
[6] 范雪梅, 戴廷波, 姜东, 等. 花后干旱与渍水下氮素供应对小麦碳氮运转的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2004, 18(6): 63-67.
[7] 荆奇, 戴廷波, 姜东, 等. 不同生态条件下不同基因型小麦干物质和氮素积累与分配特征[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2004, 27(1): 1-5.
[8] 姜东, 谢祝捷, 曹卫星, 等. 花后干旱和渍水对冬小麦光合特性和物质运转的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2004, 30(2): 175-182.
[9] 张国平, 陈锦新, 蔡仁祥. 氮肥运筹和烯效唑对小麦干物重和氮积累的影响[J]. 浙江农业大学学报, 1998, 24(2): 174-178.
[10] 沈建辉, 戴廷波, 荆奇, 等. 施氮时期对专用小麦干物质和氮素积累、运转及产量和蛋白质含量的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2004, 24(1): 55-58.
[11] 夏来坤, 朱云集, 郭天财, 等. 铜、镉胁迫下施硫肥和有机肥对冬小麦碳氮运转的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2006, 26(6): 1217-1222.
[12] 何照范. 双波长法测定谷物中直链、支链及总淀粉含量[C], 粮油籽粒品质及其分析技术. 北京: 农业出版社, 1985: 290-294.
[13] 田纪春, 张忠义, 梁作勤. 高蛋白和低蛋白小麦品种的氮素吸收和运转分配的差异[J]. 作物学报, 1994, 20(1): 76-83.
[14] 徐恒永, 赵振东, 刘建军, 等. 群体调控与氮肥运筹对强筋小麦济南17号产量和品质的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2002, 22(1): 56-62.
[15] 王月福, 于振文, 李尚霞. 氮素营养水平对小麦开花后碳素同化、运转和产量的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2002, 22(2): 55-59.
[16] Yang J, Zhang J, Huang Z, et al. Remobilization of carbon reserves is improved by controlled soil-drying during grain filling of wheat[J]. Crop Sci, 2000, 40(6): 1645-1655.
[17] Yang J, Zhang J, Wang Z, et al. Water deficit-induced senescence and its relationship to the remobilization of prestored carbon in wheat during grain filling[J]. Agron J, 2001, 93(1): 196-206.
[18] 许振柱, 李长荣, 陈平, 等. 土壤干旱对冬小麦生理特性和干物质积累的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2003(3): 113-118.
[19] 朱凤荣, 邱宗波. 种植密度和植物生长调节剂对小麦衰老和产量构成的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2004(8): 18-20.
