试验采用培养基筛选、不同直径玻璃珠撞击, 以及化学分散剂和振荡时间等4个因素的正交设计对细菌、真菌、放线菌分离特性进行了研究。同时, 对放线菌的分离还增加了土样热处理温度及热处理时间两个因素的单因素试验。研究结果表明: 细菌分离培养条件的最佳组合是: 土壤浸提液+牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基+大玻璃珠(Φ=5~7mm, 55粒)+摇床振荡90 min; 真菌分离培养条件的最佳组合是: 马丁氏培养基+大玻璃珠+1%胆酸钠+摇床振荡60min; 放线菌分离培养条件的最佳组合是: 土壤浸提液+高氏培养基+25℃处理+大玻璃珠+1%焦磷酸钠+摇床振荡60 min。部分因素的单独重复验证试验其变化规律与正交试验结果基本一致。
The paper was based on traditional soil microorganism isolated culture method, it made groping research to affect bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes isolated effects several important factors selected several important influencing fae- tars respectively though the direct cross test and single factor test. The goal is to discuss and solve present situation that isolation and culture of microrganism in soil is difficult through the practical and feasible means. The experiment has conducted the separation characteristics research of bacteria, funguses and actinomyces through culture medium screening, the different diameter of glass bead hitting, as well as chemistry dispersing agent and the duration of oscillation and so on four factors orthogonal designs. At the sane time, there is two factor single factor experiments including the heat treatment temperature of soil sample and the time of heat treatment on isolation of act dinomyces. The result of Researching indicated that bacteria's、separating optimal combination is SABA PYJ+ Big beading(Ф=5-7 mm, 55 grains)+ no Sodium De-oxycholate+ Vibrating time 90 min; Fungi's、separating optimal combination is MA PYj+ Big bead in+ 1% Sodium Deoxy-cholat Vibratirg time 60 min; Actinomycetes' separating optimal combination is SGA PYJ+ 25℃ treatment+ Big beading+1% Na4P2O710H20+ Vibrating time 60 min. The variational law of some factors, single and repeat tests were similar with the Direct Cross Test result.
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