以16个玉米自交系, 以及将其按Griffing方法4组配的120个杂交组合为供试材料, 进行玉米籽粒铁含量杂种优势、亲子相关以及籽粒铁含量与主要农艺、经济性状和品质性状的遗传相关分析。结果表明, 杂交种籽粒铁含量以超低亲杂种优势为主, 也出现中亲优势和超高亲优势为正值的一些组合。杂交种籽粒铁含量与母本、父本、高值亲本、中亲和高低值亲本之差的相关均达正向极显著水平, 与低值亲本的相关达正向显著水平。铁含量与蛋白质、轴重和单株产量的遗传相关达正向极显著水平, 与穗重的遗传相关达正向显著水平, 与淀粉和油分的遗传相关表现为微弱的负相关和正相关, 与穗位高的遗传相关达负向极显著水平。
In present study, the heterosis, parent-offspring conelation and genotypic conelations between iron content and agronomic characters, economic characters and qualitative characters were analyzed with 120 crosses composed 16 maize inbred lines by Grfffing's diallel method IV. Heterosis over low parent of iron content of hybrid was mainly, but there were some crosses that their heterosis mid-parent and heterosis over high parent were positive value. Iron content of the hybrid was significantly and positively correlated with those of their female parents, male parents, higlagvalue of patents, mid-value of parents and difference between high parents and 1ow-parents, and was significantly positive correlated with low-value of parents. In genotypic correlation, iron content was highly signfficantly and positively correlated to protein, cob weight and yield/plant, and signfficantly and positively to ear weight, and weakly ncagative or positive to starch and oil, and highly signfficantly and negatively correlated to ear height.
[1] Graig W J. Iron status of vegetarians[J]. Am J Clin Nutr, 1994, 59: 1233-1237.
[2] Jing-Tsz Jang, Joanne Balmer Green, John L Beard, et al. Kinetic analysis Shows that iron deficiency decreases liver vitamin A mobilization in rats[J]. J Nutr, 2000, 130: 1291-1296.
[3] Nair K M. Alternate strategies for improving iron nutrition: Lessons from recent research. Br[J]. J Nutr, 2001, 85(Supplement 2): S187-S191.
[4] Yip R. Iron deficiency: Contemporary scientific issusnd international programmatic approaches J[J]. J Nutr, 1994, 124: 1479-1490.
[5] Schachatman D, Barker S J. Molecular approaches for increasing the micronutrient density in edible portion of food crops[J]. Field Crops Research, 1999, 60: 81-92.
[6] Graham R, Senadhira D, Beebe S, et al. Breeding for micronutrient density in edible portions of staple food crops: conventional approaches[J]. Field Crops Research, 1999, 60: 57-80.
[7] Welch R M, Graham R D. Breeding crops for enhanced micronutrient content[J]. Plant and Soil, 2002, 245: 205-214.
[8] Gregorio G B. Progress in breeding for trace minerals in staple crops[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, 2002, 132(3): 500S-502S.
[9] Bouis H E. Plant breeding: A new tool for fighting micronutrient malnutrition[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, 2002, 132(3): 491S-494S.
[10] Welch R M, Graham R D. Breeding for micronutrients in staple food crops from a hum an nutrition perspective[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2004, 55: 353-364.
[11] Gorsline G W, Thomas W I, Baker D E. Inheritance of P, K, Mg, Cu, B, Zn, Mn, Al, and Fe concentrations by corn(Zea mays L.)leaves and grain[J]. Crop Sci, 1964, 4: 207-210.
[12] Banziger M, Long J. The potential for increasing the iron and zinc density of maize through plant-breeding[J]. Food Nutr Bull, 2000, 21: 397-400.
[13] Brkic I, Simic D, Zdunic Z, et al. Genotypic variability of micronutrient element concentrations in maize kernels[J]. Cereal Research Communications, 2004, 32(1): 107-112.
[14] Jennifer K Long, Marianne Bnziger, Margaret E Smith. Diallel Analysis of Grain Iron and Zinc Density in Southern African-Adapted Maize Inbreds[J]. Crop Science, 2004, 44(6): 2019-2026.
[15] 赖来展, 张名位, 黄伯湛, 等. 黑玉米的营养分析评价[J]. 广东农业科学, 1997, 5: 6-7.
[16] 米国华, 陈范骏, 刘向生, 等. 玉米子粒铁含量的基因型差异[J]. 玉米科学, 2004, 12(2): 13-15.
[17] 潘家驹. 作物育种总论[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2002.
[18] 荣廷昭, 潘光堂, 黄玉碧. 数量遗传学[M]. 北京: 中国科学技术出版社, 2003.
[19] 文建成, 张忠林, 金寿林, 等. 滇型杂交粳稻及其亲本稻米铁锌元素含量的分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2005, 38(6): 1182-1187.
[20] 曾亚文, 申时全, 汪禄祥, 等. 云南稻种矿质元素含量与形态及品质性状的关系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2005, 19(2): 127-131.
