利用抗旱性不同的1个水稻品种,在干旱棚内通过苗期水分胁迫,研究了可溶性糖、脯氨酸、氨基酸(AA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、抗坏血酸(AsA)、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)等物质含量及超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等生理生化特性的变化.结果表明,苗期水分胁迫下水稻体内可溶性糖、脯氨酸、AA、GSH、AsA、可溶性蛋白、MDA含量增加,SOD、POD和CAT活性增强.相关分析表明,可溶性蛋白、AA、GSH、AsA和MDA含量及SOD、POD和CAT活性的相对值与稻苗反复干旱存活率呈显著或极显著的相关性.因此,水、旱条件下可溶性蛋白、AA、GSH、AsA和MDA含量及SOD、POD和CAT活性的相对值可作为水稻苗期抗旱性鉴定指标.通过逐步回归分析,建立了AsA、MDA和GSH 3项指标的相对值与稻苗反复干旱存活率的最优回归方程,利用最优回归方程对所选用的1个水稻品种进行了抗旱性预测,效果较好.
15 rice cultivars with different drought tolerance were used to study the changes of soluble sugar,proline, free amino acid (AA),glutathione (GSH),ascorbic acid (AsA),soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents,and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) at seedling stage in both irrigation and drought conditions. The results indicated that water stress increased obviously the contents of soluble sugar,proline,AA, GSH,AsA,soluble protein,MDA and the activities of SOD,CAT and POD in rice seedlings. Correlation analysis showed that the survival percentage under repeated drought condition was significantly (or very significantly) correlated with the relative values of soluble protein,AA, GSH,MDAt and AsA,and the relative activities of SOD,CAT and POD,which therefore could be used as the evaluation indexes of drought tolerance at seedling stage. The stepwise regression equation of survival percentage under repeated drought condition was established using 3 indexes,the relative contents of AsA, MDA and GSH,which could evaluate effectively the drought tolerance of the 15 rice cultivars.
[1] 孙骏威,杨勇,黄宗安,等.聚乙二醇诱导水分胁迫引起水稻光合下降的原因探讨[J].中国水稻科学,20048(6):539-543.
[2] 李长明,刘保国,任昌福,等.水稻抗旱机理研究[J].西南农业大学学报9935(5):409-411.
[3] 杨建昌,王志琴,朱庆森.水稻品种的抗旱性及其生理特性的研究[J].中国农业科学995,28(5):65-72.
[4] 景蕊莲,胡荣海,朱志华,等.小麦幼苗根系形态与反复干旱存活率的关系[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(2):243-249.
[5] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[6] 卢少云,黎用朝,郭振飞,等.钙提高水稻幼苗抗旱性的研究[J].中国水稻科学9993(3):161-164.
[7] 任红旭,陈雄,吴冬秀.CO2浓度升高对干旱胁迫下蚕豆光合作用和抗氧化能力的影响[J].作物学报,2001,27(6):729-736.
[8] 刘鸿艳,邹桂花,刘国兰,等.水分梯度下水稻CT,LWP和SF的相关及其QTL定位研究[J].科学通报,2005,50(2):130-139.
[9] 韩建民.抗旱性不同的水稻品种对渗透胁迫的反应及其与渗透调节的关系[J].河北农业大学报9903(1):17-21.
[10] 张可飞,马庆.水分亏缺对水、陆稻秧苗生理效应的影响[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版997,28(1):53-57.
[11] 郭振飞,卢少云,李宝盛,等.不同耐旱性水稻幼苗对氧化胁迫的反应[J].植物学报997,39(8):748-752.
[12] 胡荣海,昌小平,王嬛.反复干旱法的生理基础及其应用[J].华北农学报9961(3):51-56.
[13] 李壮,许文娟,薛兵东,等.玉米苗期抗旱性评定方法探讨[J].玉米科学,20042(2):73-75,88.
