华北农学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 136-142. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190795

所属专题: 水稻 土壤肥料

• 资源环境·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

紫云英配施减量化肥对水稻产量稳定性的影响

张成兰1, 吕玉虎2, 刘春增1, 李本银1, 郭晓彦2, 聂良鹏2, 张琳2, 曹卫东3   

  1. 1. 河南省农业科学院 植物营养与资源环境研究所, 河南 郑州 450002;
    2. 信阳市农业科学院, 河南 信阳 464000;
    3. 中国农业科学院 农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-27 出版日期:2020-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 刘春增(1967-),男,河南平顶山人,研究员,主要从事绿肥利用评价与循环农业研究。
  • 作者简介:张成兰(1990-),女,河南项城人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事植物营养与施肥研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200200);国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22)

Effects of Chinese Milk Vetch Coupled with Application of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer on Stability of Rice Yield

ZHANG Chenglan1, Lü Yuhu2, LIU Chunzeng1, LI Benyin1, GUO Xiaoyan2, NIE Liangpeng2, ZHANG Lin2, CAO Weidong3   

  1. 1. Institute of Plant Nutrition, Agriculture Resources and Environment Sciences, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
    2. Xinyang City Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinyang 464000, China;
    3. Institute of Agriculture Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2019-11-27 Published:2020-06-28

摘要: 为明确豫南稻区减肥、高产、稳产的最佳施肥方式,以11 a长期定位试验为平台,设不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(100% F)、22 500 kg/hm2紫云英+80%化肥(G+80% F)、22 500 kg/hm2紫云英+60%化肥(G+60% F)、22 500 kg/hm2紫云英+40%化肥(G+40% F)共5个处理,分析水稻产量年际变化趋势、变异系数(CV)、可持续性指数(SYI)及基于AMMI模型的施肥处理、环境及二者交互作用的特征,综合评价长期紫云英配施减量化肥对水稻产量稳定性的影响。结果表明:施肥显著增加水稻年均产量,单施化肥较不施肥增产21.26%,紫云英配施减量化肥较不施肥增产19.55%~23.25%,以G+60% F处理水稻年均产量最高;施肥降低水稻产量变异系数,以G+40% F处理变异系数最小,其次为G+60% F处理;紫云英配施减量化肥处理可持续性指数高于单施化肥和不施肥。AMMI模型能较好地解释施肥处理与环境的互作效应,是评价长期定位施肥条件下水稻产量稳定性的有效方法,其稳定性参数(Di)大小为:CK > G+80% F > 100% F > G+60% F > G+40% F。综合考虑水稻高产、稳产及减肥效益,以22 500 kg/hm2紫云英配施60%化肥处理效果最佳。

关键词: 水稻, 化肥减施, 紫云英, 产量稳定性, 变异系数, 可持续性指数, AMMI模型

Abstract: In order to clarify the best fertilization method for reducing application of chemical fertilizer, high yield and stable yield of rice, a study based on an 11-year long-term experiment in the rice-growing area of South Henan Province was established. The experiment including five treatments no fertilization(CK), chemical fertilizer(100%F), 22 500 kg/ha Chinese milk vetch+80% chemical fertilizer (G+80%F), 22 500 kg/ha Chinese milk vetch+60% chemical fertilizer (G+60%F) and 22 500 kg/ha Chinese milk vetch+40% chemical fertilizer (G+40%F). The inter-annual variability, coefficient of variation (CV), sustainable yield index (SYI) of rice yield and the characteristics of fertilization treatment, environment and the interaction between them based on the additive main effects and multiplicative (AMMI) model, were analyzed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of long-term application of Chinese milk vetch combined with reduced chemical fertilizer on rice yield stability. Results showed that fertilization significantly increased the annual average yield of rice. Compared with no fertilization, the rice yield of chemical fertilizer and Chinese milk vetch combined with reduced chemical fertilizer treatments increased by 21.26% and 19.55%-23.25%, respectively. The highest average yield of rice was from the treatment of G+60%F. Fertilization reduced the CV of rice yield, and the CV of G+40%F treatment was the lowest, followed by G+60%F treatment. The SYI of Chinese milk vetch combined with reduced chemical fertilizer treatments was higher than that of chemical fertilizer and no fertilization treatments. The AMMI model clearly explained the interactive effects of fertilization treatments across environment and it was a good method to evaluate stability of rice yield under long-term fertilization. The stability parameter was CK > G+80%F > 100%F > G+60%F > G+40%F. Considering the benefits of high yield, stable yield of rice and reducing the usage of chemical fertilizer, we determined that the effect of applying 60% chemical fertilizer combined with 22 500 kg/ha Chinese milk vetch was the best.

Key words: Rice, Chemical fertilizer reduction, Chinese milk vetch, Yield stability, Coefficient of variation, Sustainability index, AMMI model

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引用本文

张成兰, 吕玉虎, 刘春增, 李本银, 郭晓彦, 聂良鹏, 张琳, 曹卫东. 紫云英配施减量化肥对水稻产量稳定性的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(3): 136-142. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190795.

ZHANG Chenglan, Lü Yuhu, LIU Chunzeng, LI Benyin, GUO Xiaoyan, NIE Liangpeng, ZHANG Lin, CAO Weidong. Effects of Chinese Milk Vetch Coupled with Application of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer on Stability of Rice Yield[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(3): 136-142. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190795.

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