华北农学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 126-135. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190653

• 资源环境·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施氮水平对大麦光合性能及氮素积累和转运的影响

德木其格1, 刘志萍2, 王磊1, 王金波1, 齐海祥1, 郭呈宇2, 吕二锁2, 巴图2, 徐寿军1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古民族大学 农学院, 内蒙古 通辽 028043;
    2. 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 作物育种与栽培研究所, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-08 出版日期:2020-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 徐寿军(1968-),男,内蒙古赤峰人,教授,博士,主要从事大麦栽培生理及其生长模拟研究。
  • 作者简介:德木其格(1994-),男,内蒙古锡林郭勒人,在读硕士,主要从事大麦栽培生理及其生长模拟研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31760357;31360307);内蒙古自治区科技储备项目(2018MDCB016);内蒙古民族大学研究生科研创新资助项目(NMDSS1864)

Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Photosynthetic Performance, Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocation of Barley

DE Muqige1, LIU Zhiping2, WANG Lei1, WANG Jinbo1, QI Haixiang1, GUO Chengyu2, Lü Ersuo2, BA Tu2, XU Shoujun1   

  1. 1. College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028043, China;
    2. Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
  • Received:2020-01-08 Published:2020-06-28

摘要: 为探究氮素水平对大麦光合性能及氮肥利用效率的影响,研究大麦氮高效形成的机理,以蒙啤3号、垦啤7号2个品种为试材,设0,90,180,270 kg/hm2纯氮4个氮肥处理,分析了不同施氮水平下不同氮效率大麦开花期叶片光合性能、花后氮素积累和转运及氮肥利用效率的差异及相关性。结果表明:随着施氮水平的升高,2个品种大麦的Chl、Pn、Gs、Tr、Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm、qP、花后氮素积累率及其对籽粒贡献率均呈先升高后降低的趋势,在施氮量为180 kg/hm2时达到峰值,叶片和茎秆的氮素转运率及其对籽粒贡献率、氮肥生产效率、氮肥生理效率呈先降低后升高的趋势,氮肥农学效率、氮肥偏生产力呈降低趋势。品种间相比,蒙啤3号的Chl、Pn、Gs、Tr、Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm、qP、叶片和茎秆氮素转运对籽粒的贡献率、NAG、PFP和产量均高于垦啤7号。花后氮素积累率及其对籽粒贡献率均为垦啤7号大于蒙啤3号;叶片和茎秆氮素转运率、NGPE、NPE无显著差异。相关分析结果显示,产量与各项光合性能指标均呈极显著正相关;花后氮素积累率及其对籽粒的贡献率与各项光合性能指标呈正相关;除叶片氮素转运率与Fv/Fm呈显著负相关外,叶片、茎秆氮素转运率与其余各项光合性能指标均呈极显著负相关;叶片氮素转运对籽粒的贡献率除与Gs和Fo呈极显著和显著负相关外,其余均呈负相关,茎秆氮素转运对籽粒的贡献率与Chl、Pn、Fv/Fm、qP呈正相关,与Gs、Tr、Fo、Fm呈负相关;NGPE与Fv/Fm呈负相关,与Chl、Pn、qP呈显著负相关,与其他光合性能指标呈极显著负相关;NAE与Chl、Gs、Fv/Fm呈正相关,与其他光合性能指标呈负相关;PFP与Fv/Fm呈正相关,与其他光合性能指标呈负相关;NPE与Chl、Pn、Fv/Fm呈显著负相关,与其他光合性能指标呈极显著负相关。综合分析后得出,适量增施氮肥有助于大麦生长发育及增产,但施氮过多会起抑制作用。蒙啤3号对氮肥响应能力强,光合性能强,转运的氮素对籽粒贡献率高,氮肥利用效率也相对较高。

关键词: 春大麦, 光合性能, 氮素积累, 氮肥利用效率, 相关分析

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of nitrogen levels on barley photosynthetic performance and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency,and to study the mechanism of efficient formation of barley nitrogen,two varieties of Mengpi 3 and Kenpi 7 were used as test materials,with 0,90,180,270 kg/ha pure nitrogen and four nitrogen fertilizer treatments were used to analyze the differences and correlations of photosynthetic performance,nitrogen accumulation and translocation after anthesis,and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency of different nitrogen efficiency barley leaves at different nitrogen application levels.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate,the accumulation rates of Chl,Pn,Gs,Tr,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fm,qP and post-anthesis nitrogen of the two varieties of barley increased first and then decreased.The trend of lowering height reached the peak when the nitrogen application rate was 180 kg/ha,and the nitrogen transport rate of leaves and stems and its contribution rate to grain,nitrogen production efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer physiological efficiency decreased first and then increased.The trend was that the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer were decreasing.Compared with the varieties,Chl,Pn,Gs,Tr,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fm,qP,the contribution rate of leaf and stem nitrogen transport to grain,NAG,PFP and yield of Mengpi 3 were higher than those of Kenpi 7.On the Kenpi 7,and the difference mostly reached a significant level.The rate of nitrogen accumulation after flowering and its contribution to grain were all higher than that of Mengpi 3 and most of them were significantly different.There was no significant difference in nitrogen transport rate,NGPE and NPE between leaves and stems.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between yield and various photosynthetic performance indicators. The nitrogen accumulation rate after anthesis and its contribution rate to grain were positively correlated with various photosynthetic performance indexes.Except for the negative nitrogen-transport rate of leaf and the negative correlation between Fv/Fm,the nitrogen transport rate of leaves and stems and other items.The photosynthesis performance index showed a significant negative correlation;the contribution rate of leaf nitrogen transport to grain was significantly negatively correlated with Gs and Fo,and the others were negatively correlated.The contribution rate of stem nitrogen transport to grain was Chl,Pn,Fv/Fm and qP were positively correlated,and negatively correlated with Gs,Tr,Fo and Fm.NGPE was negatively correlated with Fv/Fm,and negatively correlated with Chl,Pn and qP,and other photosynthetic performance indicators.There was a significant negative correlation;NAE was positively correlated with Chl,Gs,Fv/Fm, and negatively correlated with other photosynthetic performance indicators;PFP was positively correlated with Fv/Fm and negatively correlated with other photosynthetic performance indicators;NPE and Chl,Pn,Fv/Fm showed a significant negative correlation and was significantly negatively correlated with other photosynthetic performance indicators. After comprehensive analysis,it was concluded that the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer application would help barley growth and production,but excessive nitrogen application would play a role in inhibition.Mengpi 3 had a strong responsiveness to nitrogen fertilizer and strong photosynthetic performance.The transferred nitrogen had a high contribution rate to the grain and the nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency was relatively high.

Key words: Spring barley, Photosynthetic performance, Nitrogen accumulation, Nitrogen use efficiency, Related analysis

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引用本文

德木其格, 刘志萍, 王磊, 王金波, 齐海祥, 郭呈宇, 吕二锁, 巴图, 徐寿军. 不同施氮水平对大麦光合性能及氮素积累和转运的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(3): 126-135. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190653.

DE Muqige, LIU Zhiping, WANG Lei, WANG Jinbo, QI Haixiang, GUO Chengyu, Lü Ersuo, BA Tu, XU Shoujun. Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Photosynthetic Performance, Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocation of Barley[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(3): 126-135. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190653.

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